Back GRAIL (svemirske letjelice) BS Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory Catalan Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory Czech Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory German GRAIL Spanish GRAIL Finnish Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory French Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory Galician GRAIL HE GRAIL Hungarian

GRAIL

For other uses, see Grail (disambiguation).
Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory
Artist's interpretation of the GRAIL tandem spacecraft above the lunar surface.
NamesGRAIL
Mission typeLunar orbiters
OperatorNASA / JPL[1][2]
COSPAR ID2011-046A
2011-046B
SATCAT no.37801
37802
Websitemoon.mit.edu
Mission duration1 year, 3 months and 7 days
Spacecraft properties
BusXSS-11[3]
ManufacturerMIT
Lockheed Martin
Launch mass202.4 kg (each)[4]
Dry mass132.6 kg (292 lb)
Power(Solar array / Li-ion battery)
Start of mission
Launch dateSeptember 10, 2011, 13:08:52.775 (2011-09-10UTC13:08:52Z) UTC
RocketDelta II 7920H-10
D-356
Launch siteCape Canaveral SLC-17B
ContractorUnited Launch Alliance
Entered serviceDecember 31, 2011 (Ebb)
January 1, 2012 (Flow)
End of mission
DisposalDeorbited
Decay dateDecember 17, 2012
Orbital parameters
Reference systemSelenocentric
RegimePolar orbit[5]
Semi-major axis1,788.0 km (1,111.0 mi)
Periselene altitude25 km (16 mi)
Aposelene altitude86 km (53 mi)
Period113 minutes
Lunar impactor
Spacecraft componentEbb
Impact dateDecember 17, 2012, 22:28:51 UTC
Impact site75°36′30″N 33°24′15″E / 75.6083°N 33.4043°E / 75.6083; 33.4043
Lunar impactor
Spacecraft componentFlow
Impact dateDecember 17, 2012, 22:29:21 UTC
Impact site75°39′01″N 33°09′51″E / 75.6504°N 33.1643°E / 75.6504; 33.1643
← Kepler
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MoonKAM shot

The Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) was an American lunar science mission in NASA's Discovery Program which used high-quality gravitational field mapping of the Moon to determine its interior structure. The two small spacecraft GRAIL A (Ebb) and GRAIL B (Flow)[6][7] were launched on 10 September 2011 aboard a single launch vehicle: the most-powerful configuration of a Delta II, the 7920H-10.[1][8][9] GRAIL A separated from the rocket about nine minutes after launch, GRAIL B followed about eight minutes later. They arrived at their orbits around the Moon 25 hours apart.[10][11] The first probe entered orbit on 31 December 2011 and the second followed on 1 January 2012.[12] The two spacecraft impacted the Lunar surface on December 17, 2012.[11]

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  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference ebbflow was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference ula2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference nasa20071211 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference earthsky1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference sf101-1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference nasa20111231 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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